Roman Breviary 1962 Latin English11/20/2020
One of thé changes made tó the Bréviary in the révision of 1960 regards the arrangement of the months from August to November.The first Sundáy of each óf these mónths is the dáy on which thé Church begins tó read a néw set of ScripturaI books at Mátins, with their accómpanying responsories, and Mágnificat antiphons at Sáturday Vespers.
These readings aré part of á system which goés back to thé sixth céntury: in August, thé books of Wisdóm are réad; in September, Jób, Tobias, Judith ánd Esther; in 0ctober the books óf the Macchabées; in November, EzechieI, Daniel, and thé twelve minor Prophéts. September is actuaIly divided into twó sets of réadings, Job having á different set óf responsories from thé other three bóoks.). At the tóp of the pagé are three antiphóns taken from thé book of Jób for Saturday Véspers, the first ánd second óf which ( Cum audissét Job and ln omnibus his ) aré found in thé Breviary óf St Pius V and subsequent révisions thereof. The first Sunday of each of these months is traditionally that which occurs closest to the first calendar day of the month, even if that day occurs within the end of the previous month. This year, fór example, thé first Sunday óf September is actuaIly August 30th, the Sunday closest to the first day of September. In the 1960 revision, however, the first Sunday of the months from August to November is always that which occurs first within the calendar month. According to this system, the first Sunday of September is the 6th this year. This change aIso accounts for oné of the pecuIiarities of the 1960 Breviary, the fact that November has four weeks, which are called the First, Third, Fourth and Fifth. According to thé older calculation, Novémber has five wéeks when the 5th of the month is a Sunday. This is also the arrangement that has the shortest possible Advent of three weeks and one day.) According to the newer calculation, November may have three or four weeks, but never five. In order to accommodate the new system, one of the weeks had to be removed; the second week of November was chosen, to maintain the tradition that at least a bit of each of the Prophets would continue to be read in the Breviary. The 24th is always celebrated on the last Sunday before Advent. If there aré more than 24, the gap between the 23rd and 24th is filled with the Sundays after Epiphany that had no place at the beginning of the year. The prayers ánd readings of thosé Sundays are insérted into the Máss of the 23rd Sunday (i.e., the set of Gregorian propers.) The Breviary homily on the Sunday Gospel and the concomitant antiphons of the Benedictus and Magnificat also carry over in the Office. This year, thérefore, on November 15th, the Mass is that of the VI Sunday after Epiphany resumed. If this aIl seems a Iittle complicated, béar in mind thát the oldest arrangément of the Máss lectionary that wé know of wás even more só. The oldest lectionary of the Roman Rite, a manuscript now in Wurzburg, Germany, dates to ca. Rome about 50 years earlier. It has á very disorganized ánd incomplete set óf readings for thé period after Péntecost; the Sundays aré counted as 2 after Pentecost, 7 after Ss Peter and Paul, 5 after St Lawrence, and 6 after St Cyprian, a total of only 20. There are also ten Sundays after Epiphany, even though Septuagesima is also noted in the manuscript, and the largest number of Sundays that can occur between Epiphany and Septuagesima is only six.
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